Medial malleolus bone. Pain may radiate under the sole into the arch of your foot.

Medial malleolus bone The tibia (shin bone) bears approximately 90% of your body weight. An isolated fracture or break of the medial malleolus is rare and often occurs in combination with a break or fracture of the fibula, the long, thin bone on the outside of the ankle. Athletes and the elderly are at higher risk for these fractures which, if untreated, may lead to chronic pain and arthritis. Discover seven common causes of inner ankle pain, including sprains, tendonitis, and arthritis. Despite the relevant surgical anatomy being understood for almost 40 years, the optimal treatment of medial malleolar fractures remains unclear, whether the injury occurs in isolation or as part of an unstable bi- or trimalleolar Nov 6, 2025 · The medial malleolus is a bony projection continuing inferiorly on the medial aspect of the tibia. Nov 20, 2018 · A broken ankle can range from a stress fracture to a partial or complete displaced break of the ankle bone. The superficial layer consists of the tibiocalcaneal, tibionavicular, and superficial posterior tibiotalar ligaments (PTTLs). Nov 20, 2020 · Download as PowerPoint Open in Viewer Figure 2. Keywords: type iiia open medial malleolus fracture, bone loss, ankle arthritis, ankle trauma, medial malleolus, fresh osteochondral allograft Introduction Medial ankle stability is provided by the strong deltoid ligament, the anterior tibiofibular ligament and the bony mortise. Description The medial (tibial) malleolus is the medially located, rounded projection found on the distal end of the tibia. It is a bony growth formed on normal bone, as the body tries to repair itself by building extra bone. The lateral malleolus is the prominence on the outer side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula. Foot and ankle surgeons should be aware of extra ossification centers and accessory bones, including one at the tip of the medial malleolus, to avoid May 9, 2024 · Tibialis posterior tendinopathy symptoms Symptoms include: Pain on the inside of the ankle, specifically behind the medial malleolus. The surgeon made a linear incision through the capsular and periosteal structures in the medial malleolar area, and excised a large portion of the bone (exostosis) from the tibial malleolus using an osteotome and mallet. Choose a wire of sufficient strength to withstand the forces generated in the figure-of-eight loop (0. The medial malleolus is a bony non articular enlargement of the distal part of tibia, medially to the cochlea. This is the end of the shinbone (tibia) and forms the support for the inner side of the ankle joint. The patient on the left has bone marrow edema in the medial malleolus. Bony projections at medial surface of medial malleolus, and the tip of lateral malleolus. The searches used combinations of the terms stress fracture, medial malleolus, management, and treatment. A creaking sensation is called crepitus during movement. The bones of the foot are divided into three groups. The medial malleolus is located at the distal end of the tibia, while the lateral malleolus is located at the distal end of the fibula. Patient has deep ankle pain. The medial malleolus is a bony projection that extends downward from the medial surface of the lower end of the tibia, forming a visible prominence at the inner aspect of the ankle. The differential diagnosis for this bony fragment at the medial malleolus includes: fracture - unlikely as non-tender and well corticated prior trauma - if prior history of trauma os subtibiale - lies in association with the posterior colliculu Medial ligaments (deltoid ligaments): These four ligaments start at the medial malleolus (the bottom end of your tibia). Medial Malleolus: Bony bump on the inside of Oct 3, 2025 · Physical exam inspection and palpation ecchymosis and swelling around the ankle medial sided swelling, tenderness, and ecchymosis not sensitive for medial stability deformity with displaced fractures palpate proximal fibula for Maisonneuve fracture soft tissue assessment Nov 9, 2022 · Medial malleolus stress fracture is a hairline fracture of the tibia bone in the ankle. Case Submitted by Dr MGK Murthy. The bones that articulate to form this joint are the talus and calcaneus. Jun 6, 2025 · Anatomy of the medial malleolus The MM anatomical structure was constant and no significant variations were found. Following the Medial malleolar stress fractures (MMSFs) naturally appear to occur primarily in athletes participating in sports requiring prolonged running or repetitive jumping. It is bilateral in 25% population. Medial malleolus avulsion fractures occur when a small piece of bone is pulled away from the medial malleolus, which is the bony prominence on the inner side of the ankle. A differential diagnosis of the ossicles beneath the medial malleolus, accessory ossification center, avulsion fracture resulting in pseudoarthrosis, and accessory bone such as os subtibiale has been Dec 10, 2019 · The posterior tibial nerve runs behind and below the medial malleolus and divides into two smaller nerves, the medial and lateral plantar nerves. The deltoid ligaments are a robust web of connective tissue, and together with the articulation of the surrounding joint, they provide tremendous stability to the inner ankle. 6% to 4% of lower extremity stress fractures. Both patients have had an eversion injury, with stretching of the deltoid ligament. [1, 2, 3, 4] Oct 26, 2025 · Common Causes of Inside Ankle Pain 1. Symptoms: Pain on the inner ankle, worsened by activity, especially running and jumping Specific point tenderness over the medial malleolus at the fracture site Possible swelling, although not in all cases Feb 18, 2025 · Radiographic Features The talus is the most frequently affected bone, followed by the navicular, cuneiform, and forefoot bones 1,3. The transverse arch forms the medial-lateral curvature of the mid-foot. This procedure is typically indicated for nondisplaced or hairline fractures of the medial malleolus, which is the bony prominence on the inner side of the ankle. Chronic ankle pain develops gradually over time and includes tendonitis (tendinopathy), stress fractures and nerve related injuries. Learn about treatment and recovery. They fan out to connect to the talus, calcaneus (heel bone) and navicular bones in your foot. It is important to visualize and inspect the joint, searching for bone and cartilage fragments detached from the medial malleolus or from the talus, and any impaction of the articular surface at the margin of the fracture. The AC formed a slender conical anterior part of the MM distally tapering into a short apex, while the PC formed a broader solid posterior part of the MM. Nonoperative and operative modalities have been described, yielding a wide range of Excision of the medial malleolar osteotomy is a surgical technique used to treat osteochondral lesions (OCLs) or fractures of the talus that cannot be adequately reached through less invasive approaches. To reduce swelling, keep your foot elevated and avoid putting weight on it. Symptoms may also radiate along the length of the tendon as it passes under the foot. It is formed by the wedge shapes of the cuneiform bones and bases (proximal ends) of the first to fourth metatarsal bones. Malleolus comes from a Latin word that means “little hammer,” and this area articulates with the talus bone of the foot. Cuneiforms - three tarsal bones of the medial foot, distal to the navicular bone. This trial assessed the superiority of internal Jul 8, 2020 · Unfused accessory ossification centers in the medial ankle are sometimes misdiagnosed and should be distinguished from other bone lesions such as fracture, stress fracture, os subtibiale, or pseudoarthrosis of the medial malleolus. Activities such as running will usually aggravate the condition and there may be tenderness over the medial malleolus. Medial malleolus - inside part of the tibia Posterior malleolus - back part of the tibia Lateral malleolus – end of the fibula The tibia and fibula form the ankle joint with structure and stability provided by the following connective tissues: Interosseous membrane Anterior, posterior, and transverse tibiofibular ligaments Right ankle pain started 2017 without any trauma. Medial malleolus – On the medial side of the tibia’s distal end, there is a rounded bony area with a projection called the medial malleolus. Obtain x-rays for pain in the malleolar zone associated with any of the following: Bony tenderness along distal 6 cm of posterior tibia or fibula, or at medial or lateral malleolar tip. Return to Table of Contents Bones and Joints Ligaments Muscles and Tendons Nerves A solid understanding of anatomy is essential to effectively diagnose and treat patients with foot and ankle problems. Medial Malleolar Stress Fractures Stress fractures of the medial malleolus (the bony knob on the inside of the ankle) cause pain, especially during jumping or running, and improve with rest. 41 yr old male presented with pain and no swelling. Two screw nails were then removed and our attention focused to the displaced medial malleolar bone fragment. 4. [3] Introduction Stress fractures of the medial malleolus of the ankle are relatively rare, accounting for 0. A marginal osteophyte on the leading edge of the medial talar facet and a corresponding “kissing” osteophyte on the tibia, in front of the medial malleolus, may abut and cause pain and limited dorsiflexion. The lateral malleolus is part of the fibula, the smaller of two bones of the lower leg that carries around 10% of your body weight. Sep 29, 2018 · You probably know the medial malleolus as the bump that protrudes on the inner side of your ankle. May 27, 2025 · A medial malleolus fracture, a break in the inner ankle's bony prominence, usually results from twisting injuries, falls, or trauma. Oct 23, 2025 · The medial malleolus is the bony bump on the inner side of the ankle. Ankle Anatomy Bones Ankle joint is formed by: Tibial plafond. However, any bone of the ankle and foot, isolated or in combination, can be involved. We may need to use a metal plate in addition to the screws to hold the bone fragments in place. Lateral malleolus fracture The prominent bump on the outside of your ankle, the lateral malleolus, follows a similar treatment protocol to the medial malleolus — nondisplaced fractures take a cast or boot, and displaced fractures need surgery. Remove any small, loose fragments which may prevent anatomic reduction and free the periosteum from the bone edges. What is malleolus bone? You Mar 26, 2025 · Posterior malleolar fractures is a type of ankle fracture that is difficult to reset and stabilize. This approach is used to expose an irreducible fracture dislocation of the talus as well as fractures of the body of the talus and complex fractures Jan 1, 2017 · We reported a case of osteochondrosis of the medial malleolar epiphysis in a sporty male child. Apart from the ankle and foot, other bones may be affected, such as the hips and knees. This joint helps with turning the foot to the left and right (inversion and eversion). Jun 17, 2025 · Ottawa Ankle Rules are used to determine whether x-rays are necessary. Pain here often results from ligament damage, falls, or repetitive strain, and can significantly impact mobility and daily activities. a Drawing of blood vessels in the bone marrow. Or they can involve the bump on the inside of the ankle (medial malleolus), which is the end of the larger leg bone (shinbone, or tibia), or the back lower end of the shinbone (posterior malleolus) or, more often, both. Malleolus Malleolus refers to the rounded bony prominence located at the ankle joint, which includes the anterolateral region (tubercle of Chaput), the posterior malleolus, and the medial malleolus. The radiographs from the 6-month follow-up showed consolidation of the sliding bone Which of the following bone features is correctly matched with the bone on which it is found? -Lesser trochanter; femur -Greater tuberosity; tibia -Ulnar notch; ulna -Lateral malleolus; tibia Query: Medial Malleolus Exostosis A patient has an exostosis of the tibial malleolus. The posterior tibial tendon wraps just underneath the medial malleolus. Results At two years follow-up, the patient had no complaints about any difficulties in walking, although with nearly 0 degrees of dorsiflexion and 30 degrees of plantar flexion. In medial ankle sprains, the mechanism of injury is excessive eversion and dorsiflexion. Our findings yield insight into the characteristics and recurrent patterns of medial malleolar fractures. We also reviewed the relevant literature about this alteration of the medial malleolar epiphysis being aware that an increased clinical attention to this painful condition could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment among the pediatric population. Medial Malleolus Fracture 5 yo Female: All Epiphyseal Fixation of Displaced SH IV Medial Malleolus Fracture 12 Months s/p ORIF Mild Ankle Varus Deformity 12 Months s/p ORIF 6 days ago · deltoid artery supplies majority of talar body and dome Biomechanics ankle is a highly congruent mortise joint, oriented 15 degrees externally from midsagittal line of ankle talus articulates with the medial malleolus medially, tibial plafond superiorly, posterior malleolus posteriorly, and fibula laterally Nov 3, 2023 · This article covers the anatomy of the tibia (shin bone), its interaction with the fibula, muscles, menisci attachment and pathology. 3 They occur almost exclusively among athletes and involve repetitive jumping and running. Methods: Computed tomography scans of the ankle in 215 patients were reviewed. Apr 21, 2025 · The posterior malleolus fracture is best appreciated on the lateral radiograph of the ankle, evident as a bony discontinuity often associated with an articular step-off. The medial malleolus, once believed to be the primary stabilizer of the ankle, has been the topic of conflicting clinical and biomechanical data for many decades. Trimalleolar fractures – the lateral, medial, and posterior malleolus bones are all fractured. The medial malleolus, more importantly, is located in the distal or lower region of the tibia which also forms the inner bulge of the ankle. 1 Potential risk factors include varus alignment of the lower extremity, chronic anteromedial impingement due to an anteromedial bony spur, and ankle Figure 7: X-rays of A) Non-operatively treated lateral malleolus fracture, B) operatively treated lateral malleolus fracture, C) operatively treated bimalleolar ankle fracture, D) operatively treated trimalleolar ankle fracture. It contains the malleolar groove of tibia and the articular facet of medial malleolus. Coronal T2-weighted fat-saturated MR image shows a nondisplaced fracture (arrow) of the ossified medial malleolus. Together, the three borders (listed below) form the ankle mortise. He performs the procedure to keep the fracture in alignment and prevent displacement while the fracture heals and to relieve pain. A displaced fragment, or fragments, of bone inferior to the medial malleolus could represent a secondary ossi cation center, an fi accessory bone, or an avulsion fracture. b MRI showed hyperemia of bone marrow in the medial malleolus on the symptomatic side (arrows). This patient had previously been misdiagnosed to have a medial malleolar fracture on the opposite ankle. The medial malleolus is a bony prominence located on the inner side of the ankle, specifically on the distal tibia. Squeeze across the metatarsal heads. Learn now! May 8, 2017 · The medial malleolus, more importantly, is located in the distal or lower region of the tibia which also forms the inner bulge of the ankle. Parts of the Ankle: Which Bones make up the ankle bone anatomy? Three bones make up the ankle bone anatomy: Tibia (shin bone), Fibula (thin bone next to the shin bone), and the Talus (a bone of the foot that sits above the heel bone). Xrays show apparent bony injury of medial malleolus with no soft tissue swelling. Nov 4, 2025 · The ankle anatomy is a complex hinged synovial joint that is formed by three bones: the distal tibia, the distal fibula and the talus bone. May 2, 2025 · Medial ankle pain refers to pain on the inside of the ankle. The foot has a transverse arch, a medial longitudinal arch, and a lateral longitudinal arch (see Figure 11. This pattern is common after ankle inversion injuries and is often noted in the apposing medial malleolus and talus. This report details a case of os subtibiale, a rare accessory bone of the medial malleolus in a patient who presented with an ankle sprain. This is the bony protrusion on the inside of the ankle. Calcaneus - a posterior tarsal bone that constitutes the heel. The medial malleolus is a robust structure that accepts up to 4. adj. Diagnosis is confirmed through physical exams and X-rays. Fall 2018: the pain renewed slightly and the CT shows a partly ossified cyst The figure-of-eight wire loop lies on the medial surface of the medial malleolus and acts as an interfragmentary compression device when tightened. Pointed bony projection at the inferior surface of calcaneum. Two joints are involved in ankle fractures: Ankle joint — where the tibia, fibula, and talus meet Syndesmosis joint — the joint between May 11, 2024 · The medial malleolus is the bony prominence on the inner side of your ankle, crucial for stability. Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint J</i> 2021;103-B (5):931-9 … The femur is the single bone of the thigh. Original Editor - Naomi O'ReillyThe ankle joint is a hinged synovial joint that is formed by the articulation of the talus, tibia, and fibula bone s. Surgery is of The bone block was sliding to the distal end of the tibia to reconstruct the medial malleolus and fixed with 2 cannulated screws. These spurs can cause pain, discomfort, and limited mobility. As the lesion was beneath the talar dome with an intact neck and head, a medial approach with medial malleolar osteotomy was performed. Therefore, it’s much less common to experience a fracture than a Lateral Malleolus. Recovery After surgery, you'll wear a plaster splint or a boot to protect your ankle. Jun 17, 2025 · 2. It can be chip fracture, transverse fracture, oblique fracture, vertical fracture, or comminuted fracture. Two joints are involved in ankle fractures: Ankle joint — where the tibia, fibula, and talus meet Syndesmosis joint — the joint between Sep 4, 2023 · What Is a Medial Malleolus Fracture? Ankle fractures are common with injury to the connected bones or ligament, including the medial malleolus bone. These bony bumps have their own names in ankle bone anatomy. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Subcutaneous bursa of medial malleolus. Lateral malleolus fractures are the most common type of ankle fracture and one The needle biopsy aspirate was haemorrhagic, and hence a diagnosis of the aneurysmal bone cyst was made. When the medial malleolus bone fractures by itself, it is called an isolated fracture. It can be painful but typically resolves within a few months. Nov 19, 2023 · The Deltoid ligaments connect the medial malleolus to the talus bone. Occasionally, they involve the shaft of the fibula as well. This arises from the lower end of the shin bone (tibia – figure 1). AI generated definition based on: Clinical Sports Medicine, 2007 Nov 18, 2019 · Ankle bone spurs is a condition that occurs when an extra bone grows in front of the ankle joint (also known as footballer’s ankle or athlete’s ankle). 8 - 1. On the anteroposterior radiograph of the ankle, a posterior malleolus fracture might be evident as a double contour of the medial malleolus if the latter is involved. This review aims to compare the complication rates and functional outcomes of surgical versus The provider treats a fracture of the medial malleolus through an open incision, with placement of screws and plates. An Avulsion fracture is an isolated Medial Malleolus Fracture and commonly occurs with an ankle sprain where the ligament doesn’t tear but is pulled off the bone instead. The patient on the right has edema in the medial talus. The medial malleolus is the bony prominence on the inner side of the ankle, and pain in this area can manifest in several ways. Introduction Isolated medial malleolus fracture accounts for about only 7% of ankle fractures which when occurs in combination with other fracture accounts for about 20% [14]. Bony protrusions can be seen and felt on the ankle. Maléolo medial The medial malleolus is at the end of the tibia. The medial malleolus is the prominence on the inner side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the tibia. A 32-year-old runner with 1-month history of right medial ankle pain and suspected stress fracture of the medial malleolus. adj malle´olar. When the medial malleolus is loaded or stressed, such as during weight-bearing exercise, it responds by increasing its bone turnover. Aug 2, 2019 · The medial malleolus protrudes toward the medial side of the foot and extends lower than any other portion of the bone. Feb 18, 2022 · Written by Tele Demetrious Updated: 18 February 2022 (Also known as Medial Malleolar Stress Fracture, Stress Fracture of the Tibia, Tibial Stress Fracture) What is a stress fracture of the medial malleolus? The bony lump on the inside of the ankle is known as the medial malleolus. Prompt Description The medial (tibial) malleolus is the medially located, rounded projection found on the distal end of the tibia. Nov 6, 2025 · The medial ligament (or deltoid ligament) is attached to the medial malleolus (a bony prominence projecting from the medial aspect of the distal tibia). However, it is more commonly a part of a compound injury affecting surrounding areas. Isolated medial malleolar fractures (IMMFs) are uncommon and often occur with other ankle injuries, complicating their treatment and management. Common symptoms of medial malleolus pain include: Localized Pain: A sharp or dull ache around the Jun 1, 2009 · Accessory bone of the foot are often misdiagnosed as fractures. [1, 2, 3, 4] Mar 1, 2022 · What is a medial malleolus fracture? A medial malleolus fracture is a condition characterized by a break in the bony process situated at the inner aspect of the ankle known as the medial malleolus (figure 1). Learn how ankle fractures are diagnosed and treated. Standard views Anterior-Posterior (AP) and Lateral. This bursa forms at the protrusion of the inside of the ankle where the shin bone (tibia) ends. Context: Medial impingement syndrome of the ankle is common in the athletic population. Ankle fractures can involve the bump of bone on the outside of the ankle (lateral malleolus), which is the end of the smaller leg bone in the lower leg (fibula). Learn why it happens and how it is best treated. Metatarsal bones - palpate the heads, shafts and bases of the five metatarsal bones. Learn this bone now! May 4, 2023 · Symptoms Symptoms of medial calcaneal nerve entrapment include: A burning pain below the medial malleolus (bony bit on the inside of your ankle). ICD 10 code for Osteophyte, right ankle. c On the contralateral side, no vessels were visualized (arrow) Exclusion criteria included review papers, case reports of 1 patient only, acute traumatic injury to the medial malleolus, pathologic fractures, and failure to mention treatment within the body of the article. Learn about symptoms and when to seek medical attention. Understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for lateral malleolus spurs is essential in effectively managing this condition. Note: “Cerclage compression wiring” was referred to as “Tension band wiring”. Because of the bony articulation between the medial malleolus and the talus, medial ankle sprains are less common than lateral sprains. An ankle bone spur or osteophyte is a hard and smooth bump of extra bone that usually develops near joints. Oct 17, 2023 · Medial Malleolus Avulsion Fracture This is a common cause of Medial Malleolus Fracture, where a ligament or tendon pulls off a chip or fragment of the bone. Dec 20, 2019 · What are malleolus and where are they located? A malleolus is the bony prominence on each side of the human ankle. General incidence though not known may be around 15% adults and more common on lateral malleolus. Bimalleolar fracture - both lateral and medial malleolus bones are fractured. It consists of four ligaments, which fan out from the malleolus, attaching to the talus, calcaneus and navicular bones. An accessory bone is formed when the separate epiphysis of the medial malleolus fails to fuse with the distal tibia. The lesion was curetted out, and the cavity was filled up with a morselised bone graft. The medial malleolus is the bone on the inner side of your ankle. If a person swipes his palm on the inner ankle area, chances are, he or she can easily palpate a bony prominence- this bony prominence is part of the medial malleolus. It’s actually not a separate bone, but the end of your larger leg bone — the tibia, or May 21, 2025 · The medial malleolus is a pyramidal or quadrangular-shaped extension of the distal tibia, projecting inferiorly and medially. CPT 27760 refers to the closed treatment of a medial malleolus fracture without manipulation. It should be approximately equal to the space between the distal tibia and the talus on the mortise view (greater than 4mm is abnormal). It is the end of the tiba (shin bone). A rongeur was then used to removal any bony projections and smooth the entire area. Doctors classify ankle fractures according to the area of the bone that is broken. Get free rules, notes, crosswalks, synonyms, history for ICD-10 code M25. It provides stability to the ankle joint and can be identified as a tender swelling in cases of injury or inflammation. On its caudal part is flat groove called the malleolar groove, for the tendon of flexor digitorum (digitalis) muscle (and caudal tibial muscle in carnivores). Twisting with the foot planted on the ground and the body rotating around it is the Overview Medial Malleolar Fracture The medial malleolus is the bump that protrudes on the inner side of your ankle, which is actually the end of the tibia (shin) bone. either of the two rounded prominences on either side of the ankle joint; the lateral (or fibular, external, or outer) malleolus is at the lower end of the fibula and the medial (or tibial, internal, or inner) malleolus is at the lower end of the tibia. Inability to bear weight (4 steps) on ankle immediately after injury and at time of Jul 18, 2018 · It’s also called posterior Achilles tendon bursitis. 4). Medial Malleolus Transverse Fracture When the break goes in the straight line, the condition is known as a transverse fracture, and the same will be the case when such a fracture occurs in the medial malleolus. Medial Malleolar Stress Fracture A stress fracture of the medial malleolus, the bony bit on the inside of the ankle, is quite rare. Medial malleolus Lateral malleolus The ankle mortise is formed by: Tibial plafond Medial Apr 10, 2014 · Open Reduction Internal Fixation with removal of hardware and reinsertion of hardware into right medial meniscus. Taber Apr 19, 2025 · Posterior tibial tendon problems usually occur just underneath the inner side of the ankle, called the medial malleolus. The articular facet of the lateral malleolus (bony prominence on the lower fibula) forms the lateral border of the ankle joint The articular facet of the medial malleolus (bony Look up malleolus in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. These bones are connected by a very strong ligaments that maintain the joint stability. The proposed classification system is helpful in understanding injury mechanisms and guiding diagnosis, as well as surgical strategies. Medial fractures typically result from wide eversion or external rotation of the foot. Explore the five types of breaks and when surgery may be required by your healthcare provider. Medial malleolus pain can arise from various underlying conditions, and recognizing the associated symptoms is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Jun 26, 2022 · The medial malleolus is generally an extension from the distal epiphysis and ossifies in the seventh year. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Inside Ankle Sprain (Eversion - Discussion: - medial malleolar frx result from direct impact of talus or from tension as talus rotates or moves laterally following fibula; - in children medial malleolus frx may represent supination inversion frx; Ankle fractures are breaks of the distal tibia or fibula (near or in the so-called malleolus) affecting the tibiotalar (ankle) joint. This article provides a comprehensive overview of lateral Nov 7, 2025 · A lateral malleolus fracture is a break in the bone on the outside of your ankle joint. The treatment aims to maintain proper alignment of the fractured bone, alleviate pain, and facilitate healing without the need for surgical The medial malleolus is defined as the bony prominence on the inner side of the ankle, which is an uncommon site for stress fractures, often presenting with pain and possible ankle effusion. For more, see medial malleolus pain causes. Pain comes on gradually over time. Cuboid - a tarsal bone of the lateral foot, distal to the calcaneus. Common Symptoms: Pain: Intense pain Medial malleolar fractures often occur with a fracture of the fibula (lateral malleolus), a fracture of the back of the tibia (posterior malleolus), or with an injury to the ankle ligaments. From: 12th Excellence in Pediatrics Conference – 2020 Book of Abstracts [2020], Human Osteology and Skeletal Radiology [2019], Musculoskeletal and Sports Jan 1, 1997 · Spur formation on the medial malleolus is a rare occurrence in the absence of osteoarthritis. Surgical repair and follow-up review are described. . It's the big bump you feel on the inside of your ankle. An intraocceal cyst was found in the right medial malleolus (1,3 cm) with reactive oedema. General Anesthesia; Her old incision was opened, subcutaneous tissue divided directly and down to the medial malleolus. Objective: To provide morphological data of medial malleolus to decrease the possibility of posterior tibial tendon injury and inadvertent ankle penetration. It is composed of dense cortical bone externally and cancellous bone internally. According to the latest evidence, certain stress fractures, including those of the medial malleolus, are considered high-risk due to their tendency for nonunion or delayed union 1. The bone marrow edema in these patients is due to avulsion injury on the insertion sites of the deltoid ligament. The CT showed a connection to the joint. You The os subtibiale is known as an fi accessory bone related to the posterior colliculus of the medial malleolus, while an accessory ossi cation center locates at the fi anterior tip of the medial malleolus [1]. The medial clear space, from the medial malleolus to the medial talus, is an indicator of patency of the deltoid ligaments, the primary stabilizers of the ankle. Bony Protrusions There are a number of bony protrusions in the region that serve as attachment points for the ankle muscles and ligaments. Due to soft-tissue and implant related complications, there has been recent literature reporting on the non-operative management of well-reduced medial malleolus fractures following fibular stabilisation, but with limited evidence supporting routine application. The medial malleolus provides attachment sites for the medial collateral ligament of ankle joint (deltoid ligament), and the flexor retinaculum of the foot. For example, a fracture at the end of the fibula is called a lateral malleolus fracture, or if both the tibia and fibular are broken, it is called a bimalleolar fracture. 771. Note the adjacent epiphyseal marrow (*) and soft-tissue (arrowheads) edema, which are not depicted with normal cartilaginous precursors. [5] Isolated deltoid ligament injuries are Abstract We report three cases of young athletes with symptomatic ossicles of the medial malleolus who underwent arthroscopic resections of the ossicle combined with deltoid ligament repair. Apr 9, 2025 · A medial malleolar fracture occurs in the inner bone of the ankle. 7 times your body weight when walking. Ankle fractures are usually bony injuries involving the distal tibia (medial malleolus) or distal fibula (lateral malleolus). Case report A 25 year-old male presented after twisting the left ankle. This is the bony area you feel on the inside of your ankle. Eventhough Nonunion of medial malleolus fracture is rare, accounts for about 5-30% which leads to long term complications like pain causing disabilities, instability and inflammation that needs an active intervention for CT study shows isolated oblique medial malleolus fracture. The tibia is the larger, weight-bearing bone located on the medial side of the leg, and the fibula is the thin bone of the lateral leg. Symptoms include sharp pain, swelling, and weight-bearing difficulty. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome develops when the pressure inside the tunnel increases, compressing the posterior tibial nerve or any of its smaller branches. 2 Swelling and tenderness are common. The medial malleolus was always formed by two colliculi. This paper reports a 23-year-old sportsman with medial malleolar spur formation. Oct 31, 2014 · The appearance of displaced bone inferior (distal) to the medial malleolus, present on radiographs in an adolescent patient, can be confused with a fracture, when, in fact, it is the radiographic appearance of a secondary center of ossification. 2. Oblique medial malleolar fracture is reflecting an unstable ankle. - Discussion: - medial malleolar frx result from direct impact of talus or from tension as talus rotates or moves laterally following fibula; - in children medial malleolus frx may represent supination inversion frx; Sep 25, 2023 · A posterior malleolus fracture means that there has been a break on the lower back side of the tibia or shin bone. The patella is the kneecap and articulates with the distal femur. During weight bearing activity compressive Nov 20, 2012 · Bone marrow edema secondary to bone impaction or bone contusions is likely the result of trabecular microfractures, edema, hemorrhage, or reaction after stress. By temporarily cutting and reflecting the medial malleolus (the inner ankle bone), the surgeon gains direct access to the medial… Mar 22, 2025 · The management of medial malleolus fractures is crucial for maintaining ankle joint congruity and stability. Nov 20, 2022 · This helps in reducing the risk of further bone fragmentation and the loss of tiny bone pieces. The AP or 'mortise' view is not a true Anterior-Posterior projection but rather at an angle to Jun 27, 2023 · Lateral malleolus spurs are bony growths that develop on the outside of the ankle, specifically on the lateral malleolus bone. Reduction Cleaning the fracture site It is important to visualize and inspect the joint, searching for any bone and cartilage fragments that may have been detached from the medial malleolus or from the talus. Key Considerations Jan 6, 2025 · Medial malleolus of the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. The tibia ends with two bony prominences, the medial (inside) malleolus and the posterior (in the back) malleolus. Medial malleolus ossicle is likely . Oct 17, 2023 · The medial malleolus is the bony prominence on the inner aspect of your ankle joint at the bottom of the tibia. The articular facet of the lateral malleolus (bony prominence on the lower fibula) forms the lateral border of the ankle joint The articular facet of the medial malleolus (bony Oct 21, 2020 · Two of the bones that play an important role in the structure of your foot and ankle are the medial malleolus and the lateral malleolus. Aug 30, 2019 · The ankle is made up of two bones, the tibia (shin bone) and fibula (the bone on the outside/lateral aspect). Our case report specifically describes the successful treatment of a traumatic medial malleolus ankle fracture with bone loss using an osteochondral allograft in a young active patient. Then Posterior Malleolus fracture - the posterior malleolus, or bony hump of the tibia, is fractured. Oct 30, 2023 · The ankle joint is an important joint in the human body, having a wide range of movements and consisting of different bones and ligaments. The more robust AC always projected more distally than the less Three bones form the ankle joint - tibia, fibula and talus. Feb 14, 2025 · The medial aspect of the ankle is supported by the former, which spans the medial malleolus to the calcaneus, navicular, and talus, and consists of a superficial and a deep layer. It articulates with the tarsal bones to form part of the ankle joint. Radiographic features Plain radiograph projects posteriorly, adjacent to the posterior colliculus typically measures more Doctors classify ankle fractures according to the area of the bone that is broken. Beginning of 2018: operative abrasion of the cyst + autograft bone transplantion from Gerdy’s tubercle. It is generally formed in response to constant pressure or stress over a long time. The medial malleolus is the end of the shin bone (the tibia). Talus bone. Mar 1, 2019 · Here two patients with bone marrow edema. Below are the common and less common symptoms that individuals may experience. 3. Occasionally the articular surface of the talus can be injured. Medial malleolus fractures can be isolated or be part of complex means of ankle fracture. It is caused by overuse, but is not a common ankle injury. The tibia is a weight-bearing bone capable of withstanding forces at least five times body weight. The purpose of this study was to report our experience in treating soccer players with bony elements in the subtibial region. In the early stages An osteotomy of the medial malleolus exposes the medial aspect of the body of the talus and allows the surgeon to protect the posteromedial deltoid branches from the posterior tibial artery which is the main blood supply to the body of the talus. Assessment tests Tinels test involves tapping the foot just behind the Abstract Introduction Unstable ankle fractures are routinely managed operatively. Each leg is supported by two bones, the tibia on the inner side (medial) of the leg and the fibula on the outer side (lateral) of the leg. How does a stress fracture of the medial malleolus happen? Stress fractures of the medial malleolus are caused by an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption (removal). Recognizing the symptoms associated with this type of fracture is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment. Ankle fractures range from simple injuries of a single bone to complex ones involving multiple bones and ligaments. Pain may radiate under the sole into the arch of your foot. [1] [2] It can occur at numerous sites in the body, but some areas are more sensitive to these type of fractures than others, such as at the ankle which mostly occurs at the lateral aspect of the medial malleolus or in the foot where avulsion fractures are common at the base of the fifth metatarsal, but also at the talus and calcaneus. 0 mm). If you are unable to bear weight and have Medial malleolar stress fractures are overuse injuries of the inner ankle bone that commonly affect athletes and cause localized pain, swelling, and difficulty bearing weight. Medial malleolar fracture in a 9-year-old girl. gmxaq ejlerl clll gmjoc sjr tlrhzg pdjpdd yphwgun bbddo boimw mqbiwh savku hotrt zalrroa awpu